Category: We are All African!

Regardless of who you are or where you came from—despite ethnic differences, political distinctions, and racial tensions—we are all African. With these four words we can understand the truth of our human ancestry and in so doing learn a great deal about ourselves and our place on this planet. With these four words there is …

Secularization failed early in the Muslim world. It was a lengthy process that unfolded in four stages. The first stage began as early as the fourth century c.e., when Christians and Jews—not the Muslims, as popularly supposed—undertook the translation of Greek philosophy into Arabic. The Muslim Arab philosophers al-Kindi, al-Farabi, and Avicenna benefited from these …